Phylogeny of North America’s largest cicada radiation redefines Tibicinoides and Okanagana (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadidae: Tibicininae)

Tibicinoides, with three small endemic California cicada species, has a confusing, intertwined systematic history Okanagana that we unravel here. An ingroup including all species of Tibicinoides and the majority (84.7%) were sampled for six gene regions, polarized Clidophleps, Okanagodes, Subpsaltria, Tibicina outgroups, subjected to Bayesian phylogenetic analysis. Although was monophyletic from outgroups Tibicina, rendered paraphyletic among two major clades. To bring classification into agreement phylogeny, redescribe redefine include hooked uncus in male genitalia, which grouped type T. cupreosparsa (Uhler, 1889) first these clades: boweni (Chatfield-Taylor & Cole, 2020) comb. n., catalina (Davis, 1936) hesperia 1876) mercedita 1915), minuta pallidula 1917a) pernix (Bliven, 1964) rubrovenosa 1915) simulata 1921) striatipes (Haldeman, 1852) uncinata (Van Duzee, utahensis 1919) vanduzeei (Distant, 1914) n. is redescribed restricted second clade contained O. rimosa (Say, 1830). We describe new genera morphologically distinct orphan lineages: Chlorocanta gen. nov. C. viridis 1918) Hewlettia H. nigriviridis recognize rubrobasalis Davis, 1926 stat. rev. as relegate former junior subjective synonyms: noveboracensis (Emmons, 1854) = canadensis (Provancher, occidentalis (Walker Lord, 1866) lurida 1919. together represent rapid radiation presents challenges analysis suboptimal short internodes.